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Chapter 4

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  Chapter 4: Structure Query Language(SQL)          This is last chapter for Subject Database System. In this topic, we learned about  the basic concepts of database model using entity  relationship diagram and translating completed data models by applying  normalization technique in logical database designs.  We also learned how to a pply Structured Query Language (SQL) for database manipulation  using a database management system in practical works inclusive of a  report within stipulated time frame.   SQL is an example of a transform-oriented language ,  or a language designed to use relations to transform  inputs into required outputs.  As a language, the ISO SQL standard has two major components: A Data Definition Language (DDL) for defining the  database structure and controlling access to the  data; A  Data Manipulation Language (DML) for retrieving  and updating data ....

Chapter 3

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Chapter 3: Data Relational Model          In this chapter, we learned about  the basic concepts of database model using entity-relationship  diagram and translating completed data models by applying normalization  technique in logical database designs. We also learned about how to a pply Structured Query Language (SQL) for database manipulation using  a database management system in practical works inclusive of a report within  stipulated time frame. Lastly, d emonstrate problem solving skill in developing new database  applications based on an assigned problem.             Before we start the topic on that day, we su bmitted our End Of Chapter3 (EOC3) assigned last week by Madam Shamsiah. In Data   Relational Model represents the database as a collection of relations. A relations is nothing but a table of values. Every row in the table represents a collection of related data values. These row...

Chapter 2

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  Chapter 2: Entity Relationship Model  (Part 2) Simple Entity Relationship Model (ERD)        Last Thursday, we started our class as usual at 2pm. We learned about Entity Relationship Model(ERD) that describes interrelated things of interest in a specific domain of knowledge. An Entity Relationship (ER) is a high-level data model that is useful in  developing a conceptual design for a  database. A basic ER model is composed of entity types (which classify the things of interest) and specifies relationship that can exist between entities (instances of those entity types). An Entity Relationship Diagram (ER) is a  graphical representation of an ER model.  Represent different types of data and how  they relate to each other.           Here  are the geometric shapes and their meaning in an E-R Diagram. We will discuss these terms in  detail in the next section (Components of a ER Diagram) of this...

Chapter 2

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  Chapter 2: Entity Relational Model (Part 1)         Before our lecture started, our class followed one of the Japanese traditions of putting the shoes reversely and neatly. This is a starting point of changing our bad habits of putting shoes everywhere. A s you can see below, we tend to apply new things within ourselves.         Moving on, now we are on Chapter 2. This chapter has two part which is Part1: Entity Relational Model and Part2: Entity Relationship Model. Both of this part are almost same, the difference between Part1 and Part2 is ERM components only have Entity, Attributes and Relationship while ERD have Entity, Attributes, Relationship and Connectivity.  Simple Entity Relational Model (ERM)          Entity Relational Model is a conceptual model that represents components in system graphically. Types of entity is Tangible, Conceptual, Active, Permanent and Volatile.  ER Model is the ...